منابع مشابه
Converting Level Set Gradients to Shape Gradients
The level set representation of shapes is useful for shape evolution and is widely used for the minimization of energies with respect to shapes. Many algorithms consider energies depending explicitly on the signed distance function (SDF) associated with a shape, and differentiate these energies with respect to the SDF directly in order to make the level set representation evolve. This framework...
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BACKGROUND In Southern Europe, smoking among older women was more prevalent among the high educated than the lower educated, we call this a positive gradient. This is dominant in the early stages of the smoking epidemic model, later replaced by a negative gradient. The aim of this study is to assess if a positive gradient in smoking can also be observed in low and middle income countries in oth...
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Linnaeus, upon travelling north from southern Sweden, was struck by the differences between that colder land and his homeland. The differences in the composition of species begged explanation. Ever since (and probably before), naturalists, ecologists, and biogeographers have sought to understand why species and the communities they make up differ from place to place. Why does body size, both wi...
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Combining aqueous multiphase systems (AMPS) and magnetic levitation (MagLev) provides a method to produce hybrid gradients in apparent density. AMPS—solutions of different polymers, salts, or surfactants that spontaneously separate into immiscible but predominantly aqueous phases—offer thermodynamically stable steps in density that can be tuned by the concentration of solutes. MagLev—the levita...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Cell Systems
سال: 2015
ISSN: 2405-4712
DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2015.08.010